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1.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 51(1): 29-35, Jan.-Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-775643

ABSTRACT

This study investigated removal of a force-closed stem, done in order to improve acetabular exposure during revision, with reinsertion afterwards. It is unknown how much this procedure modifies the stem/cement interface. METHODS: Three tapered stem models were implanted into composite femurs. Strain gauges were embedded in the medial aspect of the cement mantle and in several positions on the outer surface of the femurs. The deformation was measured during static loading, which was applied at two different times: after implantation and after one million loading cycles, followed by stem removal and reinsertion. The t test was performed. The differences in deformation were compared (at p ≤ 0.05) between the two static loading times and among the three stem designs. RESULTS: No significant differences in deformation were found after the two loading times for the three models. No significant differences in the initial deformations of the three models were found for most of the gauges attached to the femurs. CONCLUSIONS: Reinsertion of the force-closed stem does not alter the load transmission from the stem to the cement and to the surface of the femur, even after one million loading cycles.


Estudo da remoção de haste do tipo force-closed e a sua reinserção posterior para aumentar a exposição do acetábulo durante a revisão. Não é conhecido o quanto esse procedimento modifica a interface haste/cimento. MÉTODOS: Três modelos de hastes afiladas foram implantadas em fêmures compósitos. Extensômetros de deformação foram embebidos no aspecto medial do manto de cimento e em diversas posições sobre a superfície externa dos fêmures. As deformações foram medidas durante cargas estáticas, as quais foram aplicadas em dois diferentes momentos: após a implantação e após um milhão de ciclos de carga, seguido pela remoção e reinserção. O teste t foi feito. As diferenças entre as deformações foram confrontadas com p ≤ 0,05 entre os dois momentos de carga estática e entre os três projetos de hastes. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas deformações após os dois momentos de carga para os três modelos. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas deformações iniciais dos três modelos para a maioria dos extensômetros aderidos aos fêmures. CONCLUSÕES: A reinserção de haste do tipo force-closed não altera a transmissão de carga da haste para o cimento e para a superfície do fêmur, mesmo após um milhão de ciclos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Mechanical Phenomena , Prosthesis Design
2.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 50(6): 686-693, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-769995

ABSTRACT

Subtle differences in stem design can result in different mechanical responses of the total hip arthroplasty. Tests measuring migration of the stem relative to the femur, as well as the strains in the cement mantle and on the femur can detect different mechanical behavior between stems. Methods: In this article, conical, double and triple tapered stems were implanted in composite femurs and subjected to static and cyclic loads. Stems differed mainly on taper angle, calcar radius and proximal stiffness. Stem migration and strains on the femur and in the cement mantle were achieved. Results: Significant differences (p < 0.05) were noted in the permanent rotation between double and triple tapers, in the strains on the proximal medial femur between triple and both conical and double tapers, and in the strains on the lateral proximal femur between double tapers and both conical and triple tapers. Conclusion: The proposed mechanical tests were able to detect significant differences in the behavior of these resembling stems. Stem proximal stiffness and the calcar radius of the stem influence its rotational stability and the strain transmission to the femur.


Diferenças sutis no projeto da haste podem resultar em diferentes respostas mecânicas da artroplastia total do quadril. Testes que meçam a migração da haste em relação ao fêmur, bem como as deformações no cimento e no fêmur, podem salientar as diferenças entre diferentes projetos de hastes. MÉTODOS: Neste artigo foram implantadas hastes cônicas, hastes duplamente afiladas e triplamente afiladas em fêmures compósitos e submetidas a cargas estáticas e cíclicas. As hastes diferenciaram-se principalmente em relação aos afilamentos, ao raio do calcar e à rigidez proximal. A migração das hastes e as deformações tanto no fêmur quanto no cimento foram medidas. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) na rotação permanente entre as hastes duplamente e triplamente afiladas, nas deformações do nível proximal medial do fêmur entre as hastes triplamente afiladas e ambas cônicas e duplamente afiladas e nas deformações do nível proximal lateral do fêmur entre as hastes duplamente afiladas e ambas cônicas e triplamente afiladas. CONCLUSÃO: Os ensaios mecânicos propostos foram capazes de produzir diferenças significativas no comportamento dessas hastes semelhantes. A rigidez proximal da haste e o raio do calcar influenciam a estabilidade rotacional e a transmissão de deformação da haste ao femur.


Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Biomechanical Phenomena , Prosthesis Design
3.
J. appl. oral sci ; 18(2): 178-185, Mar.-Apr. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-550410

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the bending moments, and compressive and tensile forces in implant-supported prostheses with three, four or five abutments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten Pd-Ag frameworks were tested over two master models with: 1) parallel vertical implants, and 2) tilted distal implants. Strain gauges were fixed on the abutments of each master model to measure the deformation when a static load of 50 N was applied on the cantilever (15 mm). The deformation values were measured when the metallic frameworks were tested over three, four or five abutments, and transformed into force and bending moment values. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test for multiple comparisons at 5 percent level of significance. RESULTS: Abutment #1 (adjacent to the cantilever) had the highest values of force and sagittal bending moment for all tests with three, four or five abutments. Independently from the number of abutments, axial force in abutment #1 was higher in the vertical model than in the tilted model. Total moment was higher with three abutments than with four or five abutments. Independently from the inclination of implants, the mean force with four or five abutments was lower than that with three abutments. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that in the set-ups with four or five abutments tilted distal implants reduced axial force and did not increase bending moments.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Abutments , Dental Implants , Dental Prosthesis Design , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Analysis of Variance , Biomechanical Phenomena , Compressive Strength , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Models, Dental , Dental Stress Analysis , Elasticity , Models, Structural , Pliability , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tensile Strength
4.
Rev. odonto ciênc ; 24(2): 145-150, abr.-jun. 2009. graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-518604

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To assess the magnitude and distribution of axial forces and bending moments in abutments as a function of cantilever length and inclination of implants. Methods: Ten metallic bars simulated frameworks of fixed implant-supported prosthesis over two master models with five implants: one with all implants straight and parallel (n=5) and one with the two distal implants tilted (n=5). Strain gauges were fixed on abutments to measure deformation when a 50N-load was applied on the cantilever at 10, 15, and 20mm-distance from the distal abutment. Deformation values were transformed into axial force and bending moment and analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 5%). Results: Comparing 10mm- to 20mm-cantilever, there was an increase of approximately 50% for axial force and of 70% for saggital bending moment. On the abutment adjacent to the cantilever, the axial force in the inclined model was 70% lower than in the straight model, and bending moments did not vary. Conclusion: The results suggest that the inclination of distal implants does not have any deleterious biomechanical effect on abutments of the tested models and may reduce the cantilever effect on force magnitude.


Objetivo: Avaliar a magnitude e a distribuição de forças axiais e momentos fletores em pilares em função da extensão do cantilever e da inclinação dos implantes. Metodologia: Dez barras metálicas simularam infraestruturas de prótese fixa implantossuportada sobre dois modelos mestre com 5 implantes: um modelo com todos os implantes retos e paralelos (n=5) e um com os dois implantes distais inclinados (n=5). Extensômetros foram fixados nos pilares para medir sua deformação quando uma carga de 50N foi aplicada no cantilever a 10, 15 e 20 mm do implante distal. Os valores de deformação foram convertidos em força axial e momento fletor e analisados por ANOVA e teste de Tukey (α = 5%). Resultados: Comparando-se as distâncias de 10 e 20 mm, houve um aumento de aproximadamente 50% da força axial e de 70% do momento fletor sagital. No pilar adjacente ao cantilever, a força axial no modelo com implantes inclinados foi 70% menor que no modelo com implantes retos, e os momentos fletores não variaram. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a inclinação dos implantes distais não promoveu nenhum efeito deletério sobre os pilares nos modelos testados e pode reduzir o efeito do cantilever na magnitude da força.


Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Biomechanical Phenomena
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